Chaos Program

Here’s what I hope will be a special treat for people: You can now download the full text (as a pdf) of Tree of Bones, my first novel. It’s a fantasy adventure about family, friendship and hideous undead evil. Download it. Read it. Pass it on. No charge (though small donations will be accepted).

I tried a few times to get a traditional publisher interested in publishing it. After a few (maybe more than a few) rejections, I decided to just toss it out on my website and let people read it if they wanted. That website no longer exists, though and, anyway, PDFs are more portable.

In its current form, the book is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License.

That means, for one thing, that I allow people to reproduce and distribute it, or even change it to suit themselves, as long as the following conditions are met:

• Distribution must be non-commercial in nature.
• I must be credited as the original author (same as on the title page suits me: “Tree of Bones by David Vandervort”).
• The book and any derivative works you make must be distributed under this same license.

None of that means you can’t ask me for more permissions, by the way. Or better yet, pay me for more permissions. But the rights described here are yours without having to ask or pay me.

The official description of this license can be found here http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/.

More information about Creative Commons licenses can be found at http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses.

Hope you enjoy the book. If you want to after you’ve read it, come back here and leave a comment. I’d like to know what you think.

Download it here: tree_of_bones

update 12/7/2009: added the link to the specific license.

Should doctors be more than medical technicians?

I’ve thought of this question several times in the last few years, most recently in connection with two emergency room visits for my mother. She complained of (among other things) a very bad headache. Early on, one doctor ordered a ct scan of her head to see if there was maybe a tumor or something to explain the headache. The ct scan showed nothing out of the ordinary.

Here’s the bit that made me start wondering about doctor education, or intelligence or something: When the ct scan came back clean, the doctors then proceeded to completely ignore the headache. It was as if, when the test showed nothing, the problem simply ceased to exist.

This is the way not-very-skilled technicians operate. People who, in the IT field (my field) would be level 1 help desk and who would probably never progress beyond that level. Example (a real one):

Me: “I have a problem with my internet connection.”
Tech support: “I’ll test the line.” (pause) “The line is fine.”
Me: “Okay but I keep losing my connection.”
Tech support: “Restart your modem and check that it’s plugged in correctly.”
Me: “I did that. The modem is fine. There’s something wrong with the connection.”
Tech support: “I’m sorry sir but the line is clean. You need to check your modem.”
Me: “Aaaaaaaaauuuugggggghhhh!”

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One of the things that makes being a fan of science fiction a little difficult is the traditional absence of creativity in Hollywood products. That is, even on the rare occasions when Hollywood tries to do science fiction, they don’t generally try very hard to make it good or interesting. An even worse problem is the traditional ignorance of science in Hollywood and journalism. But that’s not what I want to talk about today. What I want to talk about is that staple of TV science fiction: The Genius.

Notice that the word is capitalized. Not mere genius but more like Super Genius. The person with an intellect so enormous that he (usually, though sometimes a she, as characters Amanda Tapping played very well in Stargate: SG1 and much less convincingly in the deeply inferior Sanctuary) is a master of every science and all technology. Often these people are so brilliant they not only understand everything, they go far beyond what the rest of the world knows, inventing whole new sciences and extending existing ones to unimagined new heights.

In stories, these people have two functions. Those are to explain what is going on to the audience (and incidentally to the folks around them) and to come up with the one great idea that can save the day, or save the world, or at least save the story from a depressing ending.

The third, often unintended function, is to annoy the living hell out of the audience, especially those of us who know that that’s just not the way things work.
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In my current employment I’m a website programmer. And a technology researcher and system administrator and probably a couple other things. But that’s not important right now. It’s the programming stuff that matters tonight. I have a big deadline coming up in a couple days and I’ve been putting in some extra hours and I’ve had something of an epiphany. It’s probably nothing new to other programmers but it is to me.

We need more comment labels.

It’s like this: Programmer’s make notes in the code we write. They’re called comments. There are certain commonly accepted prefixes that can start a comment – so commonly accepted that certain IDEs (for people who don’t know what that means, think of it as a window you type programs into) recognize them. Some IDEs will apply special highlighting to the labels so they are easy to see. This makes it simple to look at a file and find places where improvements need to be made.

The most common of these labels are TODO and FIXME. Here’s an example from one of my current projects:

#TODO: Move this function to the observer

For the record, I use TODO  a lot more often than FIXME. It would be nice to never use FIXME but sometimes there are other considerations than making every piece of code perfect. Like lunch. Or the demo that’s coming up in 15 minutes and the code had better be working (even if it’s not very pretty).
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I’ve discovered a new science. I’d like to say I founded it or invented it but there are already brilliant people doing interesting work in the field. They just don’t know they share a common field.

To begin, consider this story from Wired about a bizarre scientific paper on the development of a zombie plague. The paper itself (link) is a little dry, though it’s interesting if you can wade through the math. If not, read the Wired story. The basic idea is this: Some mathematicians (with quite a bit of time on their hands, apparently) developed the math to model the spread of a zombie infection. They concluded that, unless humans respond quickly with extremely large amounts of violence, the zombies win, civilization collapses and the human race is ultimately annihilated.

The paper assumes slow zombies, not fast or smart ones. It seems reasonable that both of those situations would make things harder for humanity, most likely. It also assumes that normal human replacement (birth and death) does not take place, since newborns eventually die and the newly dead are a perpetual source of zombies, which means the zombies win. The paper models multiple scenarios, including medical treatment for zombieism and the effect of quarantine procedures on the spread. Factors considered in developing their solutions include rates of transmission, the outcome of encounters (fights) and the effect on the spread of destroying zombies so that they can no longer spread the infection. In other words, despite the seemingly whimsical nature of the subject, this is real science.

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A little while ago I saw a TV commercial that offered to pay people to make themselves targets for identity theft.

Oh, that wasn’t the intention. It was more a side effect of the campaign, which offered to pay people for referring friends to use the service. The part that made me start thinking about ID theft was the line that advised that, in order for you and your friend both to receive the cash the program offers, your friend must use your account number to sign up.

Have you seen the one? Sounds enticing, doesn’t it? It’s like free money!

Just as long as you trust your friends with access to your account. I have nightmares (well, not really, but play along with me on this) of greedy people putting their account number on a business card, or in an ad on Craig’s List, to get others to help them cash in on this program. So what if a complete stranger then hijacks their account? In a way, anyone that stupid deserves what happens to them.

I have an even worse nightmare that the company that ran the ad would say that their security is too good for someone to misuse an account just by knowing the account number. They have to also know something else, like a social security number! (For those folks who came in in the middle, SS number should never be used as a customer identifier because every use exposes it to possible theft).
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Robots are in the future. They are in the present, of course, but most people today don’t consider some preprogrammed floating arm on an assembly line to be a true “robot.” We learned what a robot is from science fiction and that’s what we’re all waiting for, often with dread (Don’t think so? Try googling “robot apocalypse.” Wait, let me try it first. 139,000 results. Hey, cool! T-shirts!)

Anyway, in anticipation of the day when robots are the smart, helpful servants/terminators of science fiction fame, lots of people have tried to come up with rules that robots could be programmed to follow to make everything better. Obviously the trend began with Isaac Asimov’s infamous 3 laws of robotics (Follow the link. I’m not going to repeat them here).

Asimov’s laws were pretty good, though his own stories involving them pointed out some flaws at least in potential implementations. Speaking as a programmer, believe me that implementation is an important point with any software. Give 2 programmers the same 3 rules to implement in a very complex system and you will find the two systems do not act quite the same. One programmer checks for compliance at the beginning of a decision, the other checks afterwards. Maybe they have different ways of checking, besides. The outcomes are often the same but there may be huge differences in some situations.

That different people approach the same problem in different ways is just a fact of life that may result in great differences between robot behavior, too. Anyway, because of these and other considerations there have been numerous attempts to update Asimov’s laws. For example a hliarious one I found a few years ago (and can’t seem to find the link for anymore) expanded the 3 laws to 10 (I think) and claimed to have patented them – thus ensuring no one would ever have the slightest interest in using them, even if they turned out to be perfect.

No set of robotics laws could possibly be perfect (see above) and personally I question whether such laws, themeslves are even possible. But it’s an important exercise to try to figure out how to make robots safe and controllable, you know, to avoid the robot apocalypse. An interesting attempt to update Asimov’s laws came out of Ohio State University recently, where some researchers reformulated the laws to make less sense and have even more loopholes than in the original version.

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One of my simple yardsticks for whether or not I like a TV show is the question, “Do I like the main character(s)?” This is not a hard and fast rule. I hated most of the characters in Battlestar Galactica – and most of the stories, especially that ridiculous lame ending! – yet kept watching the show. It’s an important factor, though. If I’m rooting for the characters to get killed or maimed, I’m probably not enjoying the action, either. Especially when they win.

This at least partially explains why Torchwood has never been one of my favorite shows. I just don’t much like the main character, Captain Jack Harkness. He’s too full of himself, too smarmy, and the way every story has to relate to his personal narrative strikes me as hackneyed and unnecessarily limiting.

How many shows have you seen where a mysterious female (not a given in Torchwood but never mind that) appears who turns out to be the hero’s long lost love and she has a child who may or may not be the hero’s? This sort of fake character development is a TV staple that gets exercised far too much in shows that take themselves too seriously (like Torchwood, or the execrable Sanctuary). Rather than revealing anything about the character it just provides contrived and manipulative melodrama that got old back when Gunsmoke still had smoking guns and Little Joe was still alive (I know he was on a different show. That’s how staples work. They bind multiple things).

Still, it’s science fiction and I’ll usually give science fiction a try, even after all the times I’ve been disappointed (such as EVERY Star Trek series made after the original). Besides. It’s summer and there’s even less on worth watching than usual.
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Remember the old days, when America had a space program? Me too. Forty years ago tomorrow, on July 20, 1969, my mother woke me up (I was young then and went to bed earlier than I do now) so I could watch Neil Armstrong walk on the Moon on small black and white TV set sitting on top of the piano in the living room.

I wasn’t as excited as I could have been, partly because I was half asleep but mostly because I was a huge science fiction fan. To me, walking on the Moon didn’t seem historic. It seemed inevitable. Neil Armstrong’s “One giant leap” didn’t seem like a giant leap. It was just a minor stepping stone in the grand adventure of exploring the universe.

The shortsighted stupidity of politicians and self-absorbed inertia of massive bureaucracies were unknown to me at the time.

Since the end of the Apollo missions, the official American space program has been marching in place, like a bored zombie. There are no colonies on the Moon or even a space station at L5 or some other adequate location. In two years or so, the U.S. won’t even have its own capability to send humans into space. After billions of dollars and a couple of decades of research into a follow on to the space shuttle, NASA apparently lost interest in the project. The agency that put a man on the Moon in less than 10 years, found keeping people in space was just too hard.

There are grounds for hope for real human space exploration as private companies begin to take up the slack that NASA has dropped. Companies like Burt Rutan’s Scaled Composites and SpaceX develop their own technologies for reaching and dealing with space. It took a long time for people to figure out that NASA wasn’t in the game anymore and they would need to do it themselves but that leap seems to have finally been made. Even individual states are getting in on the act, as witness the announcement in January that Virgin Galactic has leased land for a space port in New Mexico.

So on this 40th anniversary of a truly historic achievement, I’m going to be wearing a black armband, in mourning for a once great agency that has become just another (albeit funny shaped) pyramid.

There’s a big push in the U.S. right now to computerize health records so they can be more easily searched, transferred and analyzed. The potential benefits touted include greater portability – go to a new doctor and never worry about getting all your records for them – and wonderful new technologies like automatic checking for unsafe drug interactions.

Of course there’s a lot of money involved, too. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (you know. The stimulus bill) created an Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology and allocated billions of dollars to promote adoption of electronic health records (see article here). Yeah. That’s what the health industry needs: More bureaucracy.

The Spring 2009 issue of Rand Review (no link. I’m working from a hard copy) has an impressive array of charts and graphs and numbers claiming that health technology can save vast amounts of money. They even make the hilarious claim that computerizing people’s health records will improve privacy! Usually at this point I would put a list of links to articles about hacking incidents related to the subject I’m discussing but that doesn’t begin to show the magnitude of the problem. Instead, here’s one link to a Google search for medical records compromised: http://www.google.com/#hl=en&q=medical+records+compromised. It’s showing me 649,000 records when I run it today. Interestingly, there doesn’t seem to be a lot of duplications.

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